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No. :516519.341.V Patented Mar. zo, 1894.

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J MILTON. STEAM BOILBR FURNAGB.

No. 516,974. Patented Mar. 20,1894.

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ters of reference marked thereon, which form PATENT OFFICE.-

JOHN MILTON, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

STEAM-BOILER FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming partt of Letters Patent No. 516,974, dated March 20, 1894.A Application filed December 11, 1893. Serial No. 493,338. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN MILTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Boiler Furnaces; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the leta part of this specification.

This invention relates to boiler furnaces, and especially to furnaces of that type wherein provision is made for the consumption of the smoke and other products of combustion with a view to preventing the discharge of smoke and cinders into the outer air and to reduce the consumption of fuel.

In my Patent No. 503,155, dated August 15, 1893, and reissued October 3, 1893, No. 11,370, I have shown and described a device adapted for application to the fire box of a locomotive and by which air under pressure is distributed in the form of a thin sheet over the surface of the bed of fuel at a certain defined plane with relation thereto and which I term the plane of combination and combustion. The air so distributed supplies the necessary quantity of oxygen to the products ofy combustion, to convert the carbonic oxide into carbonic dioxide, thereby multiplying the number of heat units, and entirely consuming such products as escape in the form of smoke. In this patent the air distributing pipes are protected from the action of the heat of the furnace by re clay or other refractory envelopes having perforations which register with openings in the pipes for permitting the discharge of the air. In .my Patent No. 506,128, dated October 3, 1893, I have shown and described a device for a similar purpose, but the construction differs from that just 'described, in that the air pipes areonly partly surrounded, and by the upper portion of water circulating pipes having connections with the water space of the boiler, the use of fire clay being dispensed with.

Myvpresent invention also contemplates th e introduction of air in such a quantity and under such conditions, as that sufficient oxygen is combined or mingled with the products of combustion to insure as completea consumption of the same as possible,` and added to these conditions, the distribution of the airis made at the point orv plane where the most intimate combination and perfect combustion is attainable.

My present invention also contemplates the employment of metallic pipes for the introduction and distribution of air, and to insure the longevity thereof said pipes are inclosed` by water pipes which are in communication with the water space of the boiler. This arrangement has the double advantage of insuring maximum durability, and-also of ibeing rigidly connected with 'the sheets or walls of the fire box thereby precluding accidental displacement and liability of fracture. The connection between the parts, moreover, is of such a nature as that the device as awhole is practically homogeneous, and the degree of expansion is substantially the same throughout.

In the accompanyingdrawingsI have shown an arrangement of pipes and connections adapted for application to a furnace of the locomotive boiler pattern, and the same will be fully and clearly set forth in the following description, but I do not wish it understood that I confine myself to this construction and arrangement, as my invention is susceptible of being modified, and applied to any other type of boiler furnace as well, and the drawings serve merely for the purpose of illustration. u

In the said drawings-Figure 1 is a vertical central longitudinal section of enough of a locomotive engine with my device applied to show the general application and arrangement. Fig. 2, is a sectional view taken on the line --x of Fig. 1, showing my device partly in plan, and partly in section. Fig. 3, is a plan view partly in section of a modified form of my invention. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on line y-y of Fig. 2, showing an arrangement of the pipes and their connection and Fig. 5, 'is a view similar to Fig. 4, show-v ing a modified arrangement of the pipes. I

Like letters of reference denote like parts in the figures of the drawings.

IOO

Referring to the drawings by letter, A deu notes the Iire box of a locomotive of common construction.

a. a., represent the side sheets, a the flue sheet, a2 the back sheet provided with the stoking hole a3, and a4 is the crown sheet. These sheets are protected in a well known manner from the action of the heat of the fuel, by water from the boiler which circulates around the box between said sheets and the shell of the boiler,\or in what is techni cally known as the water space.

Within the fire box is arranged my im proved smoke consuming device which is preferably inthe nature of a diaphragm and formed of a series of air distributing pipes which receive a supply of air from any suitable source, and which are entirely inclosed by aseries of water pipes having connections with the water space of the boiler, which arrangement, as above stated, protects the diaphragm from the action of the heat produced by the burning fuel. I prefer to locate this diaphragm at a plane with relation to the surface of the bed of fuel as will secure by an intimate combination or mingling of the air from the pipes with the products of combustion, the most complete consumption of the latter, with the objects of burning the smoke and other visible gases, and of reducing the consumption of fuel, which latter is accomplished by the increase of heat derived from the action due to the admission of the air, and the increase in the heating surface due to the employment of the water pipes.`

I will now describe in detail the construction of the diaphragm both in the preferred arrangement, and in the modified forms, but I would here state that I do not 'conne my self to such constructions as the same are susceptible of further modifications without departing Vfrom the spirit of my invention.

In Figs. l and 2 I have shown adiaphragm composed of live air distributing pipes designated by the letter B, and these pipes are each cast or otherwise made in one piece or in sections as shown. On each side of each of the air pipes are formed, and preferably by casting the same integrally, aseries of lugs b which are centrally perforated or apertured, the perforation o1' aperture extending also through the pipe, and is internally screw threaded as shown. The outer ends of the lugs are preferably curved concentrically :for a purpose to be made apparent. These five air pipes, there may be a greater or less number, are each connected at one end to a manifold C, which as shown has a series of inter nally` screw-threaded lugs c to receive the threaded ends of the pipes, and connections are made by means of sections of pipe c between the manifold and the air supply which are not here shown. The other ends of the air pipes are closed by plugs b preferably screwed into place.

The water pipes are shown at D and are made in one piece or in sections, as conditions permit, and are each provided on each ride with a series of openings clscrew threaded, and which in practice register with the perforations in the lugs b. When the con nections between the water and air pipes are to be made, the air pipes are inserted endwise into the water pipes, the curved ended lugs fitting closely the inner surface of the latter, and 'when the openings in. the water pipe register with the perforations in the lugs, a series of perforated screw threaded nipples e are inserted through the said openings and into the lugs, and by this arrangement water and steam tight joints are made between the pipes and at the surface of the water pipes. At each end of the water pipes or if pre ferred at only one end, connections are made to manifolds which are in turn connected to the water space of the `boiler in order that water may be permitted `to circulate freely around the air pipes. The forward manifold F is provided with screw threaded lugs f for connection with the water pipes, and with similar lugs f for connection by sections of pipes and unions with the water space. The rear manifold G is sufficient in size to receive and provide for water space around it, the manifold for the air pipes, and the connections between it and the water pipes, and the water space of the boiler are made by the use of perforated lugs g g in a similar manner to the connections for the manifold F.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a construction embodying all of the essential elements of that shown in Figs. l and 2.` In this arrangement I have shown but one manifold for the water` pipes, and the number of connections has been reduced. It is evident however that my IOC device may be still further modified, hence I do not confine myself to any construction which may` properly be included in the general idea.

I may arrange the air pipe and the inclosing water pipe concentrically or eccentrically,

or I may as shown in Fig. 5, employ two or which readily combines and mingles with the products of combustion and furnishes a quantity of oxygen sufficient to produce a rapid consumption of the said products within the re box. The effects of such operation are that the products of combustion whicheventually escape and find an outlet throughithe stack or chimney are entirely freed from carbon and hence there are no visible `gasesand i little or no dirt and cinders.` The combustion of the gases within the fire box add to the quantity of heat obtainable from the fuel IIO and this result together with the large extra heating surface of the water pipes reduces the consumption Of fuel to a marked degree.

lThe pipes for supplying the air being protected by water, are practically indestructible so far as the heat of the fuel is concerned, and having rigid connection with the fire box cannot be displaced under ordinary conditions.

The pipes when connected form practically a homogeneous body, hence there can be no dierence in the degrees of expansion between the inner and outer pipe.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a boiler furnace, the combination wit the lire box of a series of laterally perforated water pipes having connections with the Water space of the boiler, and a series of air pipes located Within the water pipes and having eXteriorly projecting perforated lugs abut ting against the inner surface Of the water munication with the Water space of the boiler,

and manifold connections for the air pipes located within the water pipe manifold connections, in communication with an air supply.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN MILTON. Witnesses:

WILL T. NORTON,

JOHN W. DUDLEY. 

